Shah AI Security Lab

AI Security Assessment Methodology

The same lifecycle used for every lab in the catalog and every AI security engagement — a structured path from discovery through ongoing monitoring, not a one-off penetration test.

The Lifecycle

Nine stages, applied to a specific AI system

  1. Discover

    Inventory the AI systems in scope — applications, models, RAG components, agents, tools and the data they touch.

  2. Map

    Map trust boundaries, data flows, identities and dependencies across the model, retrieval, agent and tool layers.

  3. Threat Model

    Identify realistic threat scenarios for the specific architecture — not a generic checklist applied uniformly.

  4. Test

    Structured testing against the threat model — prompt-level, retrieval-level, agent/tool-level and infrastructure-level.

  5. Reproduce

    Confirm findings are reliably reproducible before they are reported, with a documented, repeatable test harness.

  6. Measure Impact

    Assess realistic business and security impact — data exposure, privilege misuse, integrity loss — not theoretical severity alone.

  7. Mitigate

    Implement prioritized, architecture-level mitigations and secure-design changes, not just a list of findings.

  8. Retest

    Verify that mitigations actually close the gap once implemented.

  9. Monitor

    Carry the findings into ongoing detection — logging, alerting and SOC/SIEM integration for the behaviors that mattered.

What Gets Assessed

Every layer of an AI system, not just the model

Generative AI creates an interconnected attack surface — see The AI Attack Surface for the full picture. This methodology is applied consistently across every layer:

  • Model
  • Prompt
  • Context
  • RAG
  • Embeddings
  • Vector Store
  • Identity
  • Agent
  • Memory
  • Tools
  • MCP
  • API
  • Secrets
  • Infrastructure
  • Supply Chain
  • Human Approval
  • Observability
  • Governance

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